ABSTRACT
Introduction: Various electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns can determine the site of occlusion in culprit coronary artery in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and the size of the myocardium that is jeopardized. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess diagnostic accuracy of the ECG localization of culprit vessel occlusion site as compared to coronary angiographic findings. Material and methods: ECG criteria for localization of culprit vessel occlusion site were specified and patients with STEMI (n = 21) were divided into three groups: Groups I, II and III, according to the localization of culprit vessel occlusion site in left anterior descending (LAD), right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex (LCx) coronary arteries, respectively. Group I was further divided into four subgroups: Ia, Ib, Ic and Ib+c according to whether occlusion in LAD was proximal to both first septal (S1) and first diagonal (D1) branches, distal to S1 but proximal to D1 branches, distal to both S1 and D1 branches or distal to S1 branch, respectively. Group II was further divided into two subgroups: IIa and IIb according to whether occlusion in RCA was proximal or distal to RV branch, respectively. The results of coronary angiograms were compared with those predicted by ECG. Results: The positive predictive accuracy (PPA) and negative predictive accuracy (NPA) of ECG criteria for LAD, RCA and LCx coronary arteries were 90.91% and 100%, 90% and 100%, and undetermined and 90.48%, respectively. Among subgroups, the sensitivity of ECG criteria was maximum for groups Ib+c and IIb (100%) followed by Group IIa (71.43%), Group Ic (50%), Group Ia (42.86%) and least for Group Ib (0%). The specificity was maximum for Groups Ia and IIa (92.86%) followed by Group Ib (90%), Group IIb (89.47%), Group Ic (78.95%) and Group Ib+c (77.78%) in that order. The PPA and NPA for Groups Ia, Ib, Ic, Ib+c, IIa and IIb were 75% and 76.47%, 0% and 94.74%, 20% and 93.75%, 42.86% and 100%, 83.33% and 86.67% and 50% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that ECG is an easily and widely available inexpensive tool to localize site of occlusion in culprit vessel in acute STEMI.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present review is to present comprehensive information of the traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Tecomella undulata (Family, Bignoniaceae) and to discuss future scope of research. Tecomella undulata (TU) is commonly known as desert teak (ver. Rohiro) and is traditionally for treating liver and spleen diseases, tumours, conjunctivitis, hepatosplenomegaly, syphilis, gonorrhea, hepatitis, as a blood purifier and in wound healing. Compounds such as naphthaquinone derivative, iridoid glucoside, phytosterol, fatty alcohol, flavonols, flavonoid glucoside and triterpenoids have been reported from TU. Anti HIV, anti bacterial, anti microbial, immune modulator, analgesic and hepatoprotective activities have been reported from its various aerial parts. In the present review, attempts have been made to compile research reports on TU, to assess current research trends with possible future avenues of research.
ABSTRACT
Feronia limonia (Family Rutaceae, subfamily Aurantioideae), commonly known as kaitha or wood apple, is widely used as an ethnomedicine in India. Its leaves are prescribed for a wide variety of ailments like diarrhoea, urinary disorders, treatment of piles or haemorrhoids, acidity, ulcers, ringworm and other chronic skin infections. However, detailed scientific information is not available to identify the plant material and to ascertain its quality and purity. In the present communication, a qualitative fingerprinting of Feronia limonia (FL), extracts have been performed by HPTLC and HPLC methods, which provide qualitative insights into the bioactive constituents present in the extracts. Also, morphological anatomical and physico-chemical characters, along with phytochemical screening and fluorescence analysis of powdered crude drug were carried out for systemic identification and authentification of leaves. This study provides referential information for identification and characterization of FL leaf and its extracts.
Feronia limonia (Familia Rutaceae, subfamilia Aurantioideae), comúnmente conocida como kaitha o manzana de madera, y es extensamente usada como una ethnomedicina en India. Sus hojas son indicadas para una amplia variedad de dolencias como diarrea, desórdenes urinarios, el tratamiento de hemorroides, acidez, úlceras, tiña y otras infecciones crónicas de la piel. Sin embargo, la información científica detallada no está disponible para identificar el material de la especie y averiguar su calidad y pureza. En la presente comunicación, un análisis cualitativo de extractos de Feronia limonia (FL), se realizó por HPTLC y HPLC, lo que proporcionó información cualitativa de los componentes bioactivos presentes en los extractos. También, los caracteres anatómicos, fisico-químicos y morfológicos, junto con un examen fitoquímico y análisis de fluorescencia de la planta en polvo fueron realizados para la identificación sistémica y autentificación de las hojas. Este estudio proporciona la información de referencia para identificación y caracterización de las hojas de FL y sus extractos.